Ultralight aircraft are small, single seater aircraft that are used for recreational flying, commuting, and military purposes. They are popular in the United States, as well as other countries. In fact, the global market for ultralight aircraft is projected to grow at a six percent CAGR from 2022 to 2031. Currently, the ultralight aircraft market is worth $5.6 billion.
Ultralights are single-seat, single-engined, and unstreamlined. They can be purchased ready to fly or build from plans. They typically range from a few thousand dollars to more than $100,000. Those who are unable to afford the purchase of a ready-to-fly model may want to consider a kit-built model. Those looking to buy an ultralight should inspect the airframe for cracks and leaks, as well as the engine. Also, ask the owner for a history of maintenance on the aircraft.
The FAA defines a basic powered ultralight vehicle as one with a single seat and an empty weight of less than 254 pounds. The pilot must be able to carry 5 gallons of fuel, and the aircraft’s maximum power-off stall speed must be 24 knots. The aircraft must have a wing area of 160 square feet, which is about the same size as a two-seater trainer. Most ultralights are significantly heavier than this limit.
Unlike larger planes, ultralights can be flown safely at low altitudes, but they are not permitted over cities, airports, or controlled airspace. They are best suited for rural areas, where they are easy to fly. However, they can be useful for law enforcement and photography. A powered hang glider is a similar aircraft, but it has a bigger engine and is usually more advanced. These types of aircraft are often exempt from certification requirements when they are first produced.
Initially, the FAA did not allow the sale of uncertified two-seat ultralights. The reason for this was to ensure that these aircraft were being used locally. However, after a few years, the FAA realized that teaching the basic principles of two-seat flying would enhance safety.
The earliest ultralights were used for recreational flights, such as short, straight-ahead hops. Later, the aircraft started to climb more gradually, and eventually they increased their taxi speeds. The aircraft began to be flown coast to coast by 1979. Although ultralights have been responsible for few fatal accidents, it is important to follow the same safety procedures as other pilots. These include using visual references, keeping the aircraft in a safe distance, and keeping the flight in good weather.
Many ultralight pilots enjoy flying in the open, near lakes and rivers. Others like to fly over a field or through a canyon. In any case, there are plenty of options to choose from. Some of the most common models are the Kolb Firestar, the Thunder Gull 2000, and the Hawk Ultralight Arrow II. Each of these models has its own advantages and disadvantages.
The Kolb Firestar has a fast climb rate and sporty handling. It can be flown by an experienced pilot or a novice. It is powered by either a five-gallon or ten-gallon gas tank. It has a Rotax 447 or 700E engine. Its top speed is 55-100 mph.